未来货币是“瓦特”？

mgm9555

国家能源局近日发布数据，2025年我国全社会用电量历史性突破10万亿千瓦时。

　　“用电量突破10万亿千瓦时”，放眼全球是一个什么概念？相当于美国全年用电量的两倍多，高于欧盟、俄罗斯、印度和日本全年用电量的总和。

　　人工智能时代来临，特斯拉首席执行官马斯克却喊话全世界：未来的货币本质上将是“瓦特”。电力，俨然已成为人类社会未来发展的“硬通货”。

　　10万亿千瓦时用电量，在全球单一国家中尚属首次。

　　从2015年约5.5万亿千瓦时，到2025年突破10万亿千瓦时，10年间近乎翻倍的增长，勾勒出一条陡峭的“用电量增长曲线”。

　　如此庞大的用电规模背后，是强大的基础设施建设，筑起我国在电力领域不断强化产业优势的护城河。

　　我国已建成全球门类最全、规模最大的能源体系，能源生产总量全球占比超1/5。“十四五”以来，能源自给率保持在80%以上，能源消费增量90%以上由国内自主保障。

　　如此成绩是如何做到的？

　　答案是“超前规划”与“统一调度”。

　　我国遵循适度超前、不过度超前的原则开展电网投资建设，锚定5到10年目标进行前瞻布局。例如，国家电网不久前宣布，“十五五”时期固定资产投资预计达到4万亿元，较“十四五”投资增长40%，满足未来5年电力需求增长的预期。

　　再看“全国一盘棋”的统一调度能力。

　　一张全球规模最大的输变电网络，一个覆盖14亿多人口的全国统一电力市场，意味着我国可以将西部、北部地区丰富的清洁能源“闪送”至东中部负荷中心，解决能源资源与用电负荷区域分布不平衡的难题。

　　我国已建成24条特高压直流输电工程，“西电东送”能力达到3.4亿千瓦。外媒预测，到2050年，中国特高压输电通道数量仍会有显著增长。

　　发展人工智能电力需求巨大，电力的背后则是国家基础能力建设水平的较量。它考验的不只是投资能力，更是长期战略定力、复杂工程组织能力和超大规模系统调度能力。

　　这已不是单纯的能源竞赛，而是支撑未来智能文明的基石之争。电力，正从传统的成本要素，跃升为决定算力上限、进而决定人工智能发展高度的“战略性资源”。

　　在这场竞争中，我国电力“最锐利的矛”是代际级别的技术突破。

　　特高压技术是“王牌”。我国不仅突破了绝缘材料与设备重量瓶颈，更实现了核心设备的国产化与标准化。

　　我国每用3度电，就有1度多是绿电。2025年，风电光伏合计装机历史性超过火电；95%以上煤电机组超低排放、50%以上煤电机组能深度调峰，建成全球最大清洁煤电供应体系；“十四五”时期，自主研发的三代核电“华龙一号”“国和一号”等工程建成投运……电力供应更足更绿。

　　数字电网与人工智能深度融合，指向未来。我国首个电力物联操作系统、以国内通用大模型为基础的行业首个千亿级多模态光明电力大模型均已发布。人工智能技术正以前所未有的深度重塑“源—网—荷—储”的协同模式。

　　超前布局所构建的强大、稳定、绿色的电力体系，不仅是当前经济发展的保障，更是在为未来发展积累最基础的物理条件。

　　当然，清醒在任何时候都很关键。从电力大国到能源强国，我们还有很长的路要走。我国发电企业规模优势明显，但盈利能力不足；绿色转型提速，但结构优化仍存短板；创新意识增强，但投入持续性不够……

　　市场如赛场，一场接一场，永远没有结束。vk.com/topic-236142620_56905960

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