职业教育迎来关键要素改革！专家解读

mgm9555

据中央广播电视总台经济之声《交易实况》报道，教育部12日发布《关于深化职业教育教学关键要素改革的意见》（下称《意见》），全面部署各地、各职业学校开展专业、课程、教材、教师、实习实训等教学关键要素联动改革，将重点增设低空经济、人工智能、高端装备、城市更新、民生紧缺等领域新专业。职业教育发展将迎来哪些新机遇？

　　经济之声《财经态度》采访了中国人事科学研究院就业创业与政策评价研究室主任庞诗。

　　庞诗表示，当前，我国经济高质量发展与现代化产业体系加快推进，对高技能人才需求日益迫切。因此，将高技能人才培养从“盆景”变为“风景”、构建完善的培养生态，是契合国家发展战略的重要举措。目前，我国技能劳动者总量超2.2亿人，高技能人才超7200万人，为产业发展提供了坚实支撑，但距离适配社会主义现代化的目标仍有差距。

　　这一差距源于多重因素交织形成的结构性矛盾：技术变革与产业升级要求高技能人才适配新产业、新业态，产业集群化发展需要规模化、协同化培养技能人才，而职业教育存在办学封闭、人才培养与产业脱节等问题，导致人岗不匹配矛盾日益凸显。

　　为破解这一难题，此次发布的《意见》聚焦教育教学关键要素联动改革。改革核心是打破教学要素独立改革的传统模式，以专业为基础、以课程为中心，结合产业发展规律实现整体突破。具体而言，需动态优化专业设置、重构课程体系、开发新型教材，并融合实训基地建设，形成可复制、可推广的教学新范式。

　　庞诗表示，职业教育与普通教育的定位差异及发展趋势，是社会各界高度关注的热点问题。普通教育以“全人教育”为核心导向，聚焦促进人的全面发展，为个体未来职业发展奠定坚实的综合素养基础；而职业教育以培养技能人才为核心，尤其将高技能人才培养作为核心目标，形成了从中职、高职到职业本科的贯通式人才培养格局。如今，越来越多年轻人认可职业教育的价值，其培养的技能人才扎根各领域一线，实现了个人成长与国家发展的深度融合。

　　庞诗强调，高技能人才培养离不开联动改革的推进与职业教育定位的深化，这既是破解就业结构性矛盾、推动职业教育高质量发展的必由之路，也是契合国家战略、实现个人与国家发展同频共振的重要体现。vk.com/topic-236142620_56905960

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