从就业到教育 2026年地方两会释放哪些民生信号？

mgm9555

　近期，地方两会密集召开。从就业到教育、从医疗到住房……各地的政府工作报告聚焦群众急难愁盼，列出干货满满的民生“清单”，释放浓浓暖意。

　　就业：强化新就业群体保障

　　2025年全国城镇新增就业1267万人，城镇调查失业率均值为5.2%，就业形势保持总体稳定。

　　就业大省广东今年的政府工作报告提出，把稳就业放在优先位置来抓，城镇新增就业110万人以上。广东将深入实施“百万英才汇南粤”行动计划，吸纳高校毕业生在粤就业创业。人口大省河南明确，城镇新增就业110万人以上；坚持就业优先，开展稳岗扩容提质行动，稳定扩大高校毕业生、农民工等重点群体就业。劳务输出大省甘肃提出，完善一体化外出务工服务体系，输转城乡富余劳动力480万人。

　　对新就业群体的服务保障力度将继续加大。湖北省提出，切实加强外卖员、快递员、网约车司机等新就业群体服务保障；鼓励支持灵活就业人员、农民工、新就业形态人员等参加职工保险。贵州省明确，落实鼓励支持灵活就业人员、新就业形态人员参加企业职工基本养老保险政策。山东省政府工作报告不仅提到扩大新就业形态人员职业伤害保障试点，还明确实施新就业群体子女关爱服务“伙伴计划”。

　　甘肃省人大代表、兰州财经大学中国西北金融研究中心主任王霞建议，进一步强化政策协同，确保教育、就业、产业、培训等政策无缝衔接；精准对接岗位需求优化技能培训内容，提升适配度；建立动态评估机制，跟踪问效，让好政策真正落地生根。

　　“一老一小”：真金白银“投资于人”

　　新的一年，各地继续织密民生服务网，让“夕阳”更美好、让“春苗”更茁壮。

　　北京市政府工作报告提出，实施好养老服务相关法律法规，健全长期护理保险制度，新建20个区域养老服务中心，新增5000张家庭养老床位。天津市表示，大力发展银发经济，完善养老服务改革配套政策举措，实施向中度以上失能老年人发放养老服务消费补贴项目，增加护理型床位。海南省将推进居家社区养老服务提质扩容，推广“建枢纽带站点进家庭”模式。

　　浙江省提出，全省30万以上参保孕产妇产前检查、住院分娩等政策范围内生育费用“零自付”；全省参保的0到6岁儿童省域内同等级医疗机构门诊报销待遇无差别。河南省明确，实施早孕关爱、孕育和出生缺陷防治能力提升计划，推进产康一体化服务，落实好育儿补贴、生育休假、免费学前教育等政策。湖南省提出，统筹发展普惠托育和托幼一体化服务，培育100个省级职工子女托育托管服务点。

　　湖南省政协常委、湖南省远景经济发展研究院院长北冰说，当前应准确认识并主动适应经济社会的发展趋势，将“一老一小”的服务保障重点从补齐短板弱项转变为提高生活品质，更好统筹质的有效提升和量的合理增长。

　　教育：扩优提质均衡发展

　　推进教育资源布局结构调整，促进学前教育优质普惠、义务教育优质均衡，是各地教育部门下一步的普遍发力方向。

　　适应学龄人口变化，北京市明确，完善基础教育学位动态保障机制，新增中学学位1万个。福建省提出，健全与人口变化相适应的教育资源配置机制。贵州省也将结合人口变化趋势，加强教育资源前瞻布局和优化配置，大力提高各级各类教育质量。

　　湖北省将“推进教育优质均衡”列入2026年十大民生项目清单，提出增加普通高中学位供给，扩充高中学位3万个以上；推进城乡优质均衡教联体建设有效覆盖，推动城乡教师交流轮岗1万人以上。陕西省明确，实施学前1年免保教费政策，开展基础教育扩优提质、县域普通高中振兴等行动，办好特殊教育、专门教育，加强未成年人思想道德建设。吉林省提出，全面实施基础教育资源优化配置和中小学教师“县管校聘”管理机制改革，实施县域高中振兴行动。

　　湖北省人大代表、十堰市茅箭区茅箭中学校长袁丙琼说，政策的落实还应进一步强化“双减”实效，拓展课后服务资源，尤其加大对农村和薄弱地区的支持力度，让政策惠及每位学生。

　　医疗：促进资源均衡布局

　　在医疗卫生领域，今年多地政府工作报告重点聚焦提升基层卫生服务能力和细化医保服务等方面。

　　上海市政府工作报告提出，促进分级诊疗，推动市级和区级医疗机构共建医联体，支持社区卫生服务中心做实社区首诊、医养结合、慢病管理等功能，扩大基层中医药、体医融合等服务供给。福建省提出，将实施医疗卫生强基工程，高质量建设紧密型县域医共体，常态化开展“千名医师下基层”“移动医院”巡诊。

　　江西省提出，优化基本医疗保险省级调剂金制度，力争实现就业人员长期护理保险全覆盖；推动国家医疗服务价格项目立项指南全面落地，促进医保按病种付费提质增效。广西提出，筹措310.33亿元实施健康惠民工程，落实基本医疗保险财政补助，全额补助重度残疾人城乡居民医疗保险个人缴纳部分。

　　“近年来，基层医疗卫生服务体系不断完善，服务能力持续提升，为城乡居民健康提供了基础性保障。”上海市政协委员、徐汇区卫健委主任周密表示，社区卫生服务中心正成为越来越多群众的优先选择。

　　住房：系统推进“好房子、好小区、好社区、好城区”

　　住房方面，今年不少省份的政府工作报告提出“好房子、好小区、好社区、好城区”概念，通过推进城市更新建设，让百姓生活更具烟火气、人情味、幸福感。

　　重庆市将推进城镇老旧小区、城中村和城市危旧房改造，新建100个“15分钟高品质生活服务圈”，合理布局城市阳台、运动休闲场地，打造完整社区、现代社区。广东省将系统推进“好房子、好小区、好社区、好城区”建设，提升房屋品质和物业服务质量，更好满足多样化住房需求。

　　北京市提出，增加“一张床、一间房、一套房”产品供应，缓解青年人住房困难，改善城市运行服务保障人员居住条件，补齐新开发居住区配套设施短板，建设更多“好房子”。天津市明确，有序推动“好房子”建设，着力建设华苑—南站、新梅江、水西、柳林、西站等特色宜居片区。

　　“城市更新让区域承载力与宜居性显著提升。”天津市人大代表、中建六局（中建丝路）董事长王瑾说，城市更新在完善公共服务设施、提升区域承载力和宜居性、激活新业态等方面，仍有广阔探索空间。vk.com/topic-236142620_56905960

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